Improvement in machines for forging nails



2 Shets--Sheet 2 S. S. PUTNAM. Mac.hine fnrForgi-ng Mails.

Patented Mrch 23,1875.

NITED STATES PATENT SILAS S. PUTNAM, OB BOSTON, MASSAOHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN MACHI'NES FOR FORGING NAILS.

' Speoifioation forming part ofLetters Patent N0. 161,] 54, dated March 23, 1875; applioation filed May 16, 1874.

- Massachusetts, have invented oertain Im provoments in Forging-.Machines, of whioh the following is a full, clear, and exaot description, referenoo being had to the aocompanying= drawings, making part of this speoificabion, in

Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved. forgingmachine. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertie-al seetion bhrough the oenter of the same. Fig. 3 is a oransverse vertical section on the line w w of Fig. 2; Fig. 4, detail.

This invention relates 130 oertain improvements in maehines designed partioularly for forging light artioles, such as nails, bmd-awls, &o.; and, onsists in two pairs 0f hammers provided. With spring-helves, in combination With adjusting devices to eontrol the tension of the spring and force of the blows.

T0 enable others skilled. in the art to underst-and and use my invention, Iwill proceed to describe the manner in which I have comried it out.

In the said drawings, A represents the bed of t l1e maohine, from oho end of whioh rises a standard, B, ne2u 1she center of which is an elongated bearing, a, in whioh runs the driv ing-shaft b, to one end of whioh is seoured a fly-wheel, O, and to the opposite end a 02m1, D, which acouates the hammers E. This oano is eonstructed With two branches, placed symmetrioally upon opposite sides of the center, and is so arranged as 120 release the two opposite ha1nn1ers ab bho same instanc, and 130 operate each pair of hammers alternaitely in succession, the cmn being so shaped thao one pair of hammers will be drawu back out of the way before the other pair are released. Euch of the hammers is oomposed of a head, o, and a helve, d, oho 1atter consistingof a long elastic spring, the rear portion of which is bent around 011 a ourve on the faee of a circular disk or set-plate, H, the end of the springhelve d being seoured by sorews e '00 a projeotion, f, attacl1ed. to the plate H. The helves d, when thus bent and seoured, form of themselves powerful springs, whioh, When released after being drawn back by the oam D, serve t0 throw the heads c of a pair of hammers toward. each other, so as 150 give an elastie zind efl'eotive blow. Bach 0f the plates H is provided at its eenter with a hub, g, through whioh passes a sorew-bolt, hby whioh it is hold in place. Tl1e p1ates H, to whioh the vertical hammers a1e attzwhed, are secured 130 the standard B, while the plates H of the side o1 horizontal hammers ame attached t0 arms z, projeoting out from opposite sides of the standard B, and an; right angles thereto. The tension or stnain upon eaoh 0f the spring-hohes d is increased or diminished, so as 110 vary the force of the blow of the hammer, by turning its plate H around the holt h as a center, which is effected by an adjustingsorew, k, whioh passes through the stationary support and bears against a projeetion, l, attzaohed to the plate H, a cheek-nub, m, being provided for holding the screw in position when properly adjnsted.

The pressure exerted by the spring-hohes can thus be adjusted With tl1e greatest degree of nicety, so as to insure the hammer-heads striking 1;]1e artiole being forged a1; l1e same instant, and with equa1 foroe, there being no friction t0 overeome after they are released. by the oam, as is the case with pivoted harmmers, where a slight diflorence in the friotion on the journals o1 bearings (whioh is 1iable to ocour from the oil on one getting dryer than that on the other) Will cause one hamnner 130 strike bofore the other, and thus produoe imperfeot work. 4

\Nhere articles being forged are to have shoulders 011 opposite sides, (for example, horseshoe-nails,) il: is absolutely neoessary that the two hammers 0f a pair should strike simultaneously and wit-h equal foroe, as otherwise the shoulders would not be made opposite so eaoh other,m1d the artiole would be spoiled.

The ha rnmerheads amo attached to oho springhelves by rivets and bolts; but they may b welded to the he1ves, if preferred, or

seoured thereto in any other suitable nmnner;

and the faces of the hammers may be flat, or provided with dies of any form to correspond to that of the article to be forged.

I is a.guide-frame made in the form of a cross, and. rising from oho bed A, to whioh it is seoured. In t-he opposite sides of this frame are formed four slots, ntwo horizontal ones, and two vertical ones+and through each of these slots passes one 0f the spring-helves d.

The width of the slots n slightly exceeds that 0f the helves d, in order that the latter may move freely'therein, and these slots serve as guides t0 prevent the hammer-helves from being carried by the friction of the cam D out' of the direct line in whieh they should move.

011 account of the lightness 0f the springhelves, l am enabled to elongate them so as to remove the faces 0f the hammers away fr0m the immediate vicinity 0f the central cam D, am]. thus reduce the liability of hot cinders being thrown between the cam and the springhelves, which would greatly increase the wear upon the bearing-surtaees.

In practice, I intend. to provide eaeh 0f the spring-helves With a frietion-plate for the can1 D to bear agaiust, thus preventing the helves from being worn away, as would otherwise occur.

The rod 01 bar of metal t0 be operated upon by the hammers is passed through and supported by a hollow guide, p, secured 110 the top 0f a post, q, rising from the bed A.

A machine construoted as above deseribed may be built at a mach lass cost, and run for a much longer time without repairs, and with less power, than one provided With pivoted hammers operated by springs, which is objectionable 011 account of the rapidity with which the pivots and. springs become worn, and the consequent c0st of keepiug it in repair. Furthermore, pivoted hammers will sag when the pivots 0r their bearings become worn, whereas the spring-helves above described Will, at all times, Support the hamme r heads in their proper position.

What I claim as my invention, and desire t0 seeure by Letters Patent, is

The two pairs of hammers E E, in combination With the spring-helves d, disks H, screws k, and stops l, substantially as and for the purpose described.

Witness my band this 12th day of May, A.

SILAS S. PUTNAM.

In pfesence of- P. E. TESCHEMAOHER, W. J. CAMBRIDGE. 

